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Banff is a town in the Banff and Buchan area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Banff is situated on Banff Bay and faces the town of Macduff across the estuary of the River Banff is a former royal burgh, as well as is the county town of the historical area of Banffshire. Banff’s very first castle was constructed to repel Viking invaders as well as a charter of 1163 AD shows that Malcolm IV was living there during that time. Throughout this duration the community was an active trading centre in the “totally free hanse” of Northern Scottish burghs, despite not having its very own harbour until 1775. The first recorded Sheriff of Banff was Richard de Strathewan in 1264, as well as in 1372 Royal Burgh standing was conferred by King Robert II. By the 15th century Banff was just one of 3 primary communities exporting salmon to the continent of Europe, along with Aberdeen and also Montrose. There was a good deal of lawlessness in seventeenth-century Scotland, and also several of the worst wrongdoers were members of the nobility. According to documents kept by historian William Cramond, the tolbooth (court house and also jail) of Banff was, in 1628, the site of a run-in in between Lord Banff as well as James Ogilvie, his family member. Reportedly, he struck James Ogilvie upon the head with a baton during a court hearing. Twenty of his friends and followers then struck Ogilvie with swords before chasing him right into the street as well as finishing him off with a pistol shot. Banff as well as Macduff are divided by the valley of the River Deveron. This unforeseeable river was lastly tamed by the 7 curved bridge completed in 1779 by John Smeaton. An earlier bridge had been constructed in 1765, but was swept away in 1768. The old ferryboat was restored right into use, up until it was shed in a flooding in 1773. A public conference was held in 1800 as well as passed a resolution for the structure of a turnpike roadway between Turiff as well as Banff as the existing road was in an unfortunate state of fixing. Later on 19th century transport improvements included the building of two railway lines, from Macduff to Turiff in 1860 and the Banff, Portsoy and Strathisla Railway in 1859 which connected to the main Aberdeen to Inverness line. Throughout the 19th Century the Banff Fishery District (comprising the ports from Crovie to Sandend) was important to the herring profession, with production coming to a head in 1853 at greater than sixty-thousand barrels, of which almost thirty-four thousand were exported, nevertheless by 1912 manufacturing had decreased to simply over 8 thousand barrels. Currently, the languages talked in the community as well as in its vicinity often tend to be the Doric language of Scots, and also English.